1V-LSD (1-valeroyl-D-lysergic acid diethylamide), often nicknamed “Valerie,” is a novel synthetic psychedelic substance and research chemical belonging to the lysergamide class. As a derivative of LSD, it represents the latest evolution in a series of compounds designed to navigate global drug laws while producing effects nearly identical to its famous predecessor. This guide provides a comprehensive, science-based overview of what is 1V-LSD, exploring its pharmacology, effects, risks, and complex legal status to promote informed decision-making and harm reduction.
Table of Contents
- Chemical Background and Pharmacology
- Subjective Effects and Experience
- Potential Risks and Safety Profile
- Global Legal Status and Analog Laws
- Essential Harm Reduction Practices
- Frequently Asked Questions
Chemical Background and Pharmacology of 1V-LSD
1V-LSD is a synthetic derivative of lysergic acid, which occurs naturally in ergot alkaloids. Chemically, it is the condensation product of valeric acid (pentanoic acid) and LSD, where the valeroyl group is substituted on the NH position of the indole moiety. This modification creates a compound structurally almost identical to LSD but with a slightly different side chain.
The main hypothesized mechanism of action positions 1V-LSD as a prodrug for LSD. As with other N-acylated derivatives like 1P-LSD and 1cP-LSD, the valeroyl group is believed to be cleaved off in the body, producing active LSD. This explains why the subjective effects of these compounds are nearly indistinguishable from those of LSD.
Additionally, 1V-LSD may act as a weak partial agonist at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, the receptor primarily responsible for mediating psychedelic effects . Animal studies using the head-twitch response assay in mice suggest 1V-LSD has potency similar to 1P-LSD and 1cP-LSD, producing closely aligned behavioral effects.
Comparison of LSD and Its Analog Prodrugs
| Compound | Full Name | Potency vs. LSD | Duration (hours) |
|---|---|---|---|
| LSD-25 | Lysergic acid diethylamide | 100% | 8–12 |
| 1P-LSD | 1-propionyl-lysergic acid diethylamide | ~85% | 8–12 |
| 1cP-LSD | 1-cyclopropionyl-lysergic acid diethylamide | ~85% | 8–12 |
| 1V-LSD | 1-valeroyl-lysergic acid diethylamide | ~100% | 8–12 |
Subjective Effects and Experience
The effects of 1V-LSD are reported as almost identical to classical LSD-25, though individual responses vary based on dose, mindset (set), and environment (setting).
Typical 1V-LSD Duration:
- Onset: 20–40 minutes
- Come up: 45–90 minutes
- Peak: 3–5 hours
- Come down: 3–5 hours
- Total: 8–12 hours
Positive Effects:
- Euphoria, wellbeing
- Creativity and open-mindedness
- Enhanced sensory perception
- Increased mindfulness
- Feelings of unity and connection
- Visual distortions and geometric imagery
Neutral/Challenging Effects:
- Time distortion
- Difficulty focusing
- Confusion or thought loops
- Mild nausea (onset)
- Elevated heart rate and body temperature
- Insomnia
Set (mindset, personality, expectations) and setting (physical and social environment) are critical factors in shaping the 1V-LSD experience. A supportive context can reduce risks of challenging experiences.
Potential Risks and Safety Profile
While 1V-LSD shares LSD’s high therapeutic index and low toxicity, risks exist.
Psychological Risks
- Bad Trips: Anxiety, paranoia, and panic, more common in negative settings or inexperienced users.
- Latent Mental Illness Triggering: Can worsen conditions like schizophrenia or severe mood disorders.
- Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD): Rare, but involves persistent visual disturbances.
Physical Side Effects
- Increased heart rate and blood pressure
- Dilated pupils
- Elevated body temperature
- Appetite loss
- Muscle tension and jaw clenching
- Nausea during onset
Risk Comparison Table
| Risk | 1V-LSD/LSD | NBOMe Compounds | Psilocybin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Toxicity | Very Low | High (fatal overdoses documented) | Very Low |
| Psychological Risk | Moderate | High | Moderate |
| Addiction Potential | Very Low | Low | Very Low |
| Lethal Dose Ratio | Extremely High | Low | Extremely High |
Global Legal Status and Analog Laws
The legal status of 1V-LSD is fragmented globally.
United States: Not explicitly scheduled, but could be prosecuted under the Federal Analog Act as substantially similar to LSD.
Europe:
- Germany: Controlled under NpSG since 2023.
- United Kingdom: Illegal under Psychoactive Substances Act 2016.
- Sweden: Under review since 2022.
- Netherlands: Technically illegal, but tolerated loopholes exist.
Other Regions:
- Canada & Australia: Likely considered analogs of LSD.
- South Korea: Temporarily controlled since July 2022.
Legal status remains fluid and can change quickly.
Essential Harm Reduction Practices
Substance Testing
- Reagent testing: Ehrlich’s reagent detects indole structure, though slower for 1V-LSD.
- Advanced testing: Multiple reagents or lab testing recommended.
Set and Setting
- Avoid use when anxious or depressed.
- Choose a safe, supportive environment.
- Have a sober trip sitter.
Dosage Considerations
- Start low (50–75μg for beginners).
- Avoid redosing due to rapid tolerance.
- Space sessions 1–2 weeks apart.
Contraindications
Avoid use if you have:
- Psychotic or severe mood disorders
- Cardiovascular disease
- Are pregnant or breastfeeding
- Are on serotonin-affecting medication
- No access to sober supervision
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 1V-LSD the same as LSD?
Not exactly. It’s a prodrug that converts into LSD in the body, making the experience nearly identical.
How long does a 1V-LSD trip last?
Usually 8–12 hours, with onset in 20–40 minutes, peaking at 3–5 hours.
What is a standard 1V-LSD dosage?
Typical full doses are 75–150μg, with microdoses at 10–20μg.
Is 1V-LSD legal in the US?
Not scheduled directly, but may fall under the Federal Analog Act if sold for human consumption.
Can 1V-LSD cause a bad trip?
Yes. High doses, poor setting, or lack of experience can increase the risk of anxiety and paranoia.
Conclusion
1V-LSD represents both innovation in psychedelic chemistry and the legal complexities of research chemicals. As an LSD analog, it produces nearly identical effects, with both benefits and risks. But because its long-term effects remain under-researched, caution and harm reduction are essential.
Practices like testing substances, choosing a safe environment, moderating doses, and having sober supervision can significantly reduce risks. At the policy level, evidence-based regulation that balances harm reduction with public health is needed as psychedelics like 1V-LSD continue to emerge.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical or legal advice. The possession, sale, and use of 1V-LSD may be illegal in your jurisdiction. Always consult healthcare and legal professionals before considering the use of psychoactive substances.